Transform Geometry can scale your mesh in a non-uniform fashion, stretching it along the X,Y, and Z axes independently.
This feature, also known as “non-uniform scaling”, gives more control over the scaling of the entire mesh. Here, a cylinder is scaled 300% along the Y axis, but unchanged along the other two axes.

This is one of 3 ways to change the scale of a mesh.
To change the size of the entire mesh, change the scale property of the mesh itself. No feature is required.
To change the size of specific dimensions of the mesh (say, to make it taller on the Y axis, or thicker on the X axis), use this Transform Geometry feature.
To change the size of specific dimensions of the mesh, while keeping portions of the mesh unchanged (say, to make a picture frame wider while keeping the frame thickness), use the Move Vertices feature.
Transform Geometry Feature Properties
Property | Options |
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Scale |
Enter the scale factor to be applied to each of the x, y, z dimensions of the mesh. |
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Click to show the scale gizmo. Use the gizmo to visually edit the x, y, z scale factors |